Scalar
For e.g., a = 10.5, is a scalar. There is no other value associated with a scalar, just one single numerical value.
Vector
E.g., wind speed = 100 miles/hour, North East direction. In simple mathematical terms, vectors have multiple values. For e.g., b = [10,20] is a vector. From this definition any array of size greater than 1 is a vector
One-dimensional Array
A one-dimensional array is a type of linear array which has all elements in either one row or one column. Accessing its elements involves a single index position which can either represent a row or column index.
E.g., a=[1, 2] is a one dimensional array. Note this array can be having elements either in one row or one column. Using a[0] provides the value of the first element.
Multidimensional Array
A multidimensional array is a type of array structure which has elements represented in both rows and columns. Accessing its elements involves a 'n' number of indices where 'n' denotes the dimension of the array.
E.g., b = ([[1, 2, 4], [4, 4, 6]]) is a 2 dimensional array as it has two rows and three columns. To access the element in the first row, third column you use the notation b[0][2]
Array- rank
For e.g., if a = ([1, 2, 3]), then 'a' is of rank 1; If b = ([[1, 2, 4], [4, 4, 6]]) then b is of rank 2 and so on
Array- shape
For e.g., if a = ([1, 2, 3]), then 'a' has a shape of 1x3; If b = ([[1, 2, 4], [4, 4, 6]]) then it has a shape of 2x3
Array- size
For e.g., a = [1, 2] has a sizs of 2; b= [[2, 3, 4],[5, 6, 7]] has a size of 6